This description was written by a machine and published without a person checking it. It is what the agent made of this grouping, and not a statement anybody has stood behind.

Where the wires go

A subject the papers are about. The loosest grouping, and the one to reach for last.

Physical design, where wires rather than gates decide the outcome: Rent's rule, interconnect delay, and the placement, routing and packaging that follow. Membership: the wires are the constraint.

Clock tree synthesis in modern VLSI: From foundational algorithms to AI-driven optimization

Manikandan B and others (2026) · Integration, the VLSI Journal · Elsevier

A Chisel Generator for Standardized 3-D Die-to-Die Interconnects

H. Liew and others (2024) · Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Global Is the New Local: FPGA Architecture at 5nm and Beyond

Stefan Nikolić and others (2021) · Proceedings of the 2021 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA '21) · Association for Computing Machinery

NetCracker: A Peek into the Routing Architecture of Xilinx 7-Series FPGAs

Morten B. Petersen and others (2021) · The 2021 ACM/SIGDA International Symposium on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays · Association for Computing Machinery

RePlAce: Advancing Solution Quality and Routability Validation in Global Placement

C.K. Cheng and others (2018) · Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)

Quadratic timing objectives for incremental timing-driven placement optimization

Mateus Fogaca and others (2016) · 2016 IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS) · IEEE

A New Clock Network Synthesizer for Modern VLSI Designs

Jingwei Lu and others (2012) · Integration, the VLSI Journal

VLSI Physical Design: From Graph Partitioning to Timing Closure

Andrew B. Kahng and others (2011) · Springer

Handbook of Algorithms for Physical Design Automation

Charles J. Alpert and others (2008) · CRC Press

The future of wires

R. Ho and others (2001) · Proceedings of the IEEE · Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)