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Reflections of the Environment in Memory

The work

AuthorsJohn R. Anderson; Lael J. Schooler
Editors
Typearticle
Year1991
Citekeyanderson1991reflections

Where it appeared

Published inPsychological Science
PublisherSAGE Publishing
Volume2
Issue6
Pages396--408

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Abstract

Availability of human memories for specific items shows reliable relationships to frequency, recency, and pattern of prior exposures to the item. These relationships have defied a systematic theoretical treatment. A number of environmental sources ( New York Times, parental speech, electronic mail) are examined to show that the probability that a memory will be needed also shows reliable relationships to frequency, recency, and pattern of prior exposures. Moreover, the environmental relationships are the same as the memory relationships. It is argued that human memory has the form it does because it is adapted to these environmental relationships. Models for both the environment and human memory are described. Among the memory phenomena addressed are the practice function, the retention function, the effect of spacing of practice, and the relationship between degree of practice and retention.

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Cite it as

@article{anderson1991reflections,
  title        = {Reflections of the Environment in Memory},
  author       = {John R. Anderson and Lael J. Schooler},
  year         = {1991},
  journal      = {Psychological Science},
  publisher    = {SAGE Publishing},
  volume       = {2},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {396--408},
  doi          = {10.1111/j.1467-9280.1991.tb00174.x},
}

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