Impossibility of distributed consensus with one faulty process

The work

AuthorsMichael J. Fischer; Nancy Lynch; Michael S. Paterson
Typearticle
Year1985
Citekeyfischer1985impossibility

Where it appeared

Published inJournal of the ACM
PublisherAssociation for Computing Machinery
Volume32
Issue2
Pages374--382

Identifiers

DOI10.1145/3149.214121
OpenAlexW2035362408

Abstract

The consensus problem involves an asynchronous system of processes, some of which may be unreliable. The problem is for the reliable processes to agree on a binary value. In this paper, it is shown that every protocol for this problem has the possibility of nontermination, even with only one faulty process. By way of contrast, solutions are known for the synchronous case, the "Byzantine Generals" problem.

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Added2026-08-05 00:00 UTC
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Cite it as

@article{fischer1985impossibility,
  title        = {Impossibility of distributed consensus with one faulty process},
  author       = {Michael J. Fischer and Nancy Lynch and Michael S. Paterson},
  year         = {1985},
  journal      = {Journal of the ACM},
  volume       = {32},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {374--382},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  doi          = {10.1145/3149.214121},
}

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