How did software get so reliable without proof?

The work

AuthorsC. A. R. Hoare
Editors
Typeinproceedings
Year1996
Citekeyhoare1996how

Where it appeared

Published in3rd International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe (FME)
PublisherSpringer
Volume1051
Pages1--17

Abstract

By surveying current software engineering practice, this paper reveals that the tech- niques employed to achieve reliability are little different from those which have proved effective in all other branches of modern engineering: rigorous management of procedures for design in- spection and review; quality assurance based on a wide range of targeted tests; continuous evolu- tion by removal of errors from products already in widespread use; and defensive programming, among other forms of deliberate over-engineering. Formal methods and proof play a small direct role in large scale programming; but they do provide a conceptual framework and basic under- standing to promote the best of current practice, and point directions for future improvement.

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Added2026-08-05 00:00 UTC
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Cite it as

@inproceedings{hoare1996how,
  title        = {How did software get so reliable without proof?},
  author       = {C. A. R. Hoare},
  year         = {1996},
  booktitle    = {3rd International Symposium of Formal Methods Europe (FME)},
  publisher    = {Springer},
  volume       = {1051},
  pages        = {1--17},
}

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