An attack on the Needham-Schroeder public-key authentication protocol
The work
| Authors | Gavin Lowe |
|---|---|
| Type | article |
| Year | 1995 |
| Citekey | lowe1995attack |
Where it appeared
| Published in | Information Processing Letters |
|---|---|
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Volume | 56 |
| Issue | 3 |
| Pages | 131--133 |
Identifiers
| DOI | 10.1016/0020-0190(95)00144-2 |
|---|
Access
| Landing page | https://doi.org/10.1016/0020-0190(95)00144-2 |
|---|
Related
| Distinct from | lowe1996breaking The 1995 Information Processing Letters note states the attack on the Needham-Schroeder public-key protocol; the 1996 TACAS paper gives the fuller treatment and the fix, and adds the mechanical check that found it. Same result, two documents a year apart, neither a reprint of the other. Cite the first for priority and the second for the method. |
|---|
Abstract
In this paper we present an attack upon the Needham-Schroeder public-key authentication protocol. The attack allows an intruder to impersonate another agent.
A copy is held
pdf, 86.8 kB. Not published — it may be under copyright. The facts and links here are.
How it got here
| How it got here | agent via unpaywall |
|---|---|
| Added | 2026-08-08 00:00 UTC |
| Approved by | a person 2026-08-16 15:22 UTC |
Cite it as
@article{lowe1995attack,
title = {An attack on the Needham-Schroeder public-key authentication protocol},
author = {Gavin Lowe},
year = {1995},
journal = {Information Processing Letters},
volume = {56},
number = {3},
pages = {131--133},
publisher = {Elsevier},
doi = {10.1016/0020-0190(95)00144-2},
}
This record lives at https://refs.drheap.org/lowe1995attack/ and will keep doing so.