This description was written by a machine and published without a person checking it. It is what the agent made of this grouping, and not a statement anybody has stood behind.
The observer in the system
A subject the papers are about. The loosest grouping, and the one to reach for last.
Second-order cybernetics: the move of putting the observer inside the system observed. Collects the papers that argue the position, the volume recording where it came from, and applications of it to particular systems. An application that denies the move applies -- as Fuchs does for the Internet -- belongs here as much as one that affirms it.
5 references
Second-Order Recursions of First-Order Cybernetics: An "Experimental Epistemology"
Won Jeon (2022) · Open Philosophy
Cybernetics, reflexivity and second-order science
Louis H. Kauffman (2016) · Constructivist Foundations
Cybernetics: The Macy Conferences 1946-1953. The Complete Transactions
Unattributed (2016) · diaphanes
The Internet as a Self-Organizing Socio-Technological System
Christian Fuchs (2003) · Human Strategies in Complexity Research Paper
Cybernetics and second-order cybernetics
Francis Heylighen and others (2003) · Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology · Academic Press